本文轉自：中國日報網
據英國《衛報》報道，一項研究發現，攝入香蕉、牛油果和三文魚等含鉀食物有助於降低女性高鹽飲食的負面影響。研究發現，高鉀飲食與降低血壓有關，尤其是在高鹽飲食的女性群體中。英國心臟基金會高階營養師特蕾西·帕克表示，這項研究支援了目前的飲食倡議，即應減少鹽的攝入，多吃含鉀食物有益心臟健康。
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Eating foods such as bananas， avocados and salmon could help reduce the negative effects of salt in women’s diet， research suggests。
研究表明，攝入香蕉、牛油果和三文魚等食物有助於降低女性攝入鹽的負面影響。
The study found that potassium-rich diets were associated with lower blood pressure， particularly in women with high salt intake。
研究發現，高鉀飲食與降低血壓有關，尤其是在高鹽飲食的女性群體中。
Researchers say their findings indicate the mineral helps preserve heart health， and that women benefit more than men。
研究人員稱，他們的發現表明，鉀有益心臟健康，而且對女性的益處大於男性。
Study author Professor Liffert Vogt of Amsterdam University Medical Centers， in the Netherlands， said： “It is well known that high salt consumption is associated with elevated blood pressure and a raised risk of heart attacks and strokes。
荷蘭阿姆斯特丹大學醫學中心的李福特·沃格特教授是該研究論文作者，他表示：“眾所周知，高鹽飲食會增加患高血壓、心臟病和中風的風險。
“Health advice has focused on limiting salt intake， but this is difficult to achieve when our diets include processed foods。 In our study， dietary potassium was linked with the greatest health gains in women。”
“重點是限制鹽的攝入，但食用加工食品時很難實現這點。我們的研究發現，鉀的攝入對女性的健康最有益。”
The study included 11，267 men and 13，696 women， which recruited adults aged 40 to 79 from general practices in Norfolk， UK， between 1993 and 1997。
這項研究物件包括11267名男性和13696名女性，該研究在1993年至1997年間從英國諾福克的普通診所招募了40歲至79歲的成年人。
Everyone completed a questionnaire on lifestyle habits， their blood pressure was measured and a urine sample was collected。 Urinary sodium and potassium were used to estimate dietary intake。
每個人都完成了一份關於生活習慣的問卷調查，測量了血壓並採集了尿樣。尿鈉和鉀用於估算鈉鉀攝入量。
Researchers analyzed the link between potassium intake and blood pressure， and found that potassium consumption （in grams per day） was associated with blood pressure in women。 As intake of the mineral went up， blood pressure went down。
研究人員分析了鉀攝入對血壓的影響，發現鉀攝入（以克/天為計算單位）與女性血壓相關。隨著鉀攝入的增加，血壓下降。
When the association was analyzed according to salt intake， the relationship between potassium and blood pressure was only observed in women with high sodium intake。
當分析鹽攝入量與兩者關係時，鉀對血壓的影響僅在鈉攝入量高的女性中能觀察到。
Overall， they found that people who had the highest potassium intake had a 13% lower risk of cardiovascular events compared to those with the lowest intake。 When men and women were analyzed separately， the risk reductions were 7% and 11%， respectively。
總的來說，他們發現鉀攝入量最高的人與鉀攝入量最低的人相比，發生心血管疾病的風險降低13%。當對男性和女性單獨進行分析時，風險分別降低7%和11%。
The amount of salt in the diet did not influence the relationship between potassium and cardiovascular events in men or women， the researchers found。
研究人員發現，男性或女性的鹽攝入量並不影響鉀與心血管疾病之間的關係。
Prof Vogt said： “The results suggest that potassium helps preserve heart health， but that women benefit more than men。
沃格特教授稱：“研究結果表明，鉀有益心臟健康，但女性比男性受益更多。”
“The relationship between potassium and cardiovascular events was the same regardless of salt intake， suggesting that potassium has other ways of protecting the heart on top of increasing sodium excretion。”
“無論攝入多少鹽，鉀與心血管疾病之間的關係都是相同的，這表明鉀除了促進鈉的代謝外，還有其他保護心臟的方法。”
The NHS recommends that adults aged 19 to 64 need 3，500mg of potassium a day， and should be able to get this from their diet。
英國國家醫療服務體系建議19至64歲的成年人每天需要從食物中攝取3500毫克鉀。
Foods high in potassium include vegetables， fruit， nuts， beans， dairy products and fish。 For example， a 115g banana has 375mg of potassium， 154g of cooked salmon has 780mg， a 136g potato has 500mg， and one cup of milk has 375mg。
鉀含量較高的食物包括蔬菜、水果、堅果、豆類、乳製品和魚類。例如，一根115克香蕉含鉀375毫克，154克熟鮭魚含鉀780毫克，136克土豆含鉀500毫克，一杯牛奶含鉀375毫克。
Tracy Parker， senior dietitian at the British Heart Foundation， said： “This research supports current advice that cutting down our intake of salt and eating more foods containing potassium can be the recipe for a healthier heart。
英國心臟基金會的高階營養師特蕾西·帕克說：“這項研究支援了目前的飲食倡議，即減少鹽的攝入，多吃含鉀食物有益心臟健康。”
“An easy way to boost your potassium intake is by eating five portions of fruit and vegetables a day。 Other foods like pulses， fish， nuts， seeds and milk are also high in potassium and low in salt， so can help benefit your heart。
“增加鉀攝入的一個簡單方法是每天攝入五份水果和蔬菜。其他食物，如豆類、魚、堅果、種子和牛奶，鉀含量高，鹽含量低，因此對心臟有益。”
“However， keeping healthy isn’t just about monitoring what’s on your plate。
“然而，保持健康不僅僅是控制飲食。”
Limiting your alcohol intake and staying physically active will also help to lower your blood pressure， reducing the risk of a heart attack or stroke。”
“限制飲酒和保持運動也有助於降低血壓，降低心臟病發作或中風的風險。”
該研究成果發表在《歐洲心臟雜誌》上。